55 cases of pneumonia with the background of long alcoholic and drug addiction, at patients in the age of 23—45 years are investigated. It is established, that at this category of patients the pneumonia is characterized by severe symptoms, more often purulent complications, septic endocarditis and the toxic shock. Among the microorganisms causing the disease it is possible to allocate the mixed and opportunistic infections, and also fungi infections, correlated with a secondary immunodeficiency. One of the important reasons of severeness of the diseases and lethal outcomes should be the late hospitalization caused, in particular, by proceeding of taking of the alcohol and drugs.