Urino-genital fistula is a rare kind of pathology still to be found in every day medical practice. Women suffering fromurino-genitalfistulas, vesicovaginal ones included, are disabled persons from the social point of view. This paper provides data on the retrospective analysis of 27 case histories of women suffering from vesicovaginal fistulas undertaken to identify the optimal period of closure of these fistulas. As is shown, surgical treatment of the fistulas administered 3—4 weeks after the disease starts (unlike the traditional 3—6 months) results in a considerable decrease of the relapse rate, hastens the social adaptation and allows not to assign the II disability group to these patients.