The paper of the president of Vladivostok State Medical University presented at the 1st Congress of medical workers of Primorsky region focuses a special attention on criticism of the current Russian medical insurance system, as well as on the problems in the public health service and higher medical education. On highlighting the necessity of deliberate implementation of the reforms in social sphere allowing for doctor and patient's interests, the author emphasizes the programs of strategic planning of the community health care, social maintenance of medical workers, and others which have top-priority among all the problems facing the regional public health care service.