Приведены основные показатели оказания медицинской помощи населению с онкологическими заболеваниями ободочной кишки в Амурской области, где происходит постоянное возрастание заболеваемости и смертности от этой патологии. Показано, что максимальное количество заболевших приходится на старшие возрастные группы. В динамике прослежено увеличение числа лиц с начальными признаками заболевания, при незначительном снижении его в запущенных стадиях болезни. Выросла активность выявления больных с существенным снижением летальности на первом году с момента установления диагноза. На фоне ряда положительных моментов в работе онкологической службы отмечено значительное увеличение показателя смертности. Обозначено качество деятельности службы по индексу достоверности учета этой категории больных, который традиционно сопоставим с другими регионами страны. Результаты проведенного исследования рекомендованы авторами для использования в практической деятельности онкологической службы области при разработке приоритетных направлений целевых медико-социальных и экономических программ.
Objective. Over the past decades, the country has not improved the basic indicators of medical care for cancer patients, which determines the relevance of the problem and the appropriateness of a multifaceted approach to its solution, with a comprehensive analysis of a number of information bases, including data on the territorial and temporal features of oncological pathology that are the basis for studying the epidemiology of malignant neoplasms of the large intestine (colon) in a particular area. The purpose of this study was a scientific assessment of the main indicators of morbidity and mortality from colon cancer in a single region of the Russian Federation. Methods. In the process of work, morbidity and mortality indicators, reporting forms of statistical recording of cancer patients and reglamuting documents of higher organizations were used. The data of twenty-year observations on the dynamics of changes in the numerical values of the parameters of the studied pathology were processed. Results. The basic indicators of provision of medical care to the population with cancer of the colon in the Amur region, where there is a constant increase of morbidity and mortality from this disease. It is revealed that maximum number of cases falls in older age groups. In dynamics tracked the number of patients with the initial manifestations of the disease, with a slight decrease in their advanced stages of the disease. Increased activity of identifying patients with a significant reduction in mortality in the first year since diagnosis. Against the background of a number of positive aspects in the Oncology service noted a significant increase in mortality. Indicate the quality of the service activities the index of reliability of the accounting of this category of patients that is traditionally comparable to other regions of the country. The results of the study recommended by the authors for use in the practice of Oncology service region in the development priorities targeted health, social and economic programs. Conclusions. Despite the great work of scientific institutions and bodies of practical health care of the Amur region, aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms, their level is still high with a trend annual increase of statistical indicators.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.