Наиболее частой неотложной хирургической патологией органов брюшной полости в условиях автономного плавания стал острый аппендицит. При этом более чем в 50 % случаев на кораблях и в 22 % случаях в госпитале оперативные вмешательства были проведены по поводу катарального (простого) аппендицита, что позволяет считать их «напрасными». Все вмешательства были выполнены хирургами, невладеющими методикой диагностической лапароскопии. Применение указанной методики у больных с клиническими проявлениями острого аппендицита позволило избежать «напрасной» аппендэктомии в 47,1 % случаев.
Objective. Nowadays in conditions of independent sailing the use of high-tech methods to render emergency medical care is sporadic. Methods. The treatment of patients with acute surgical diseases and abdominal injuries from crews of surface ships and submarines (n=236) treated on board (236 people) and in a coastal hospital (2,510 people) was analyzed. Results. The most frequent pathology in conditions of independent sailing was acute appendicitis. Moreover, in more than 50 % of cases on ships were carried out "vain" appendectomy for a simple appendicitis. In the hospital, the proportion of such interventions was 22 %. 47.1 % of patients escaped the "vain" appendectomy using laparoscopy. Conclusions. The main reason for "vain" appendectomy is the lack of the necessary competencies for a specialist in performing a diagnostic search in an extreme situation. Obligatory training of surgeons should be considered as a method of laparoscopy, taking into account various variants of its application in combination with various variants of anesthesia.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.