pmjТихоокеанский медицинский журналPacific Medical Journal1609-1175TGMU10.34215/1609-1175-2022-1-26-35pmj-2297Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSРепродуктивные адаптации морских ежей с планктотрофной личинкойReproductive adaptations of sea urchins with planktotrophic larvaehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5074-9579ЖаданП. М.ZhadanP. M.

Жадан Петр Михайлович – доктор биологических наук, зав. лабораторией исследований загрязнения океана и экологии; тел.: (4232)31-28-67.

690041 Владивосток, ул. Балтийская, 43

Vladivostok

pzhadan@poi.dvo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2102ВащенкоМ. А.VaschenkoM. A.

Ващенко Марина Александровна – кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии.

690041 Владивосток, ул. Пальчевского, 17; тел.: (4232)31-11-86

Marina A. Vaschenko - PhD of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Physiology.

17 Palchevsky St., Vladivostok, 690041

mvaschenko@mail.ruТихоокеанский океанологический институт им. В.И. Ильичева, ДВО РАНРоссияV.I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute FEB RASRussian FederationНациональный научный центр морской биологии им. А.В. Жирмунского, ДВО РАНРоссияА.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology FEB RASRussian Federation202226032022012635Copyright © Жадан П.М., Ващенко М.А., 20222022Жадан П.М., Ващенко М.А.Zhadan P.M., Vaschenko M.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.tmj-vgmu.ru/jour/article/view/2297

В кратком обзоре обобщены оригинальные данные авторов о роли факторов среды в запуске и синхронизации нереста в естественных популяциях двух видов морских ежей с планктотрофной личинкой. Показано, что для обоих видов характерны сходные репродуктивные адаптации, направленные на повышение репродуктивного успеха. Высокая чувствительность морских ежей, в первую очередь самцов, к сигналу(ам) окружающей среды, скорее всего к фитопланктону, может рассматриваться как широкомасштабная адаптация, характерная для многих морских беспозвоночных с внешним оплодотворением и планктотрофной личинкой, и, видимо, является одной из предпосылок для развития массового нереста. Ночное время, а также фазы новолуния и полнолуния являются модулирующими факторами, увеличивающими вероятность массового нереста. Более длительную продолжительность нереста у самцов по сравнению с самками, большую продолжительность выделения спермы во время массового нереста по сравнению с таковым во время одиночного нереста, большую продолжительность нереста у самцов, обитающих в среде с более высоким уровнем фитопланктона, и сближение самцов и самок во время массового нереста можно рассматривать как мелкомасштабные адаптации, повышающие вероятность оплодотворения.

The brief review summarizes the authors' original data on the role of environmental factors in triggering and synchronization of spawning in natural populations of two species of sea urchins with planktotrophic larvae. It is shown that both species exhibit similar reproductive adaptations aimed at enhancing reproductive success. The high sensitivity of sea urchins, primarily males, to environmental signal(s), most likely to phytoplankton, can be considered as a large-scale adaptation characteristic of many marine invertebrates with external fertilization and planktotrophic larvae and promoting the development of mass spawning events. Night time, as well as the new moon and full moon phases, are modulating factors that increase the likelihood of mass spawning. Longer duration of spawning in males compared to females, longer duration of sperm release during mass spawning compared to that during solitary spawning, longer duration of spawning in males living in an environment with higher level of phytoplankton, and approach of males and females during mass spawning can be considered as small-scale adaptations that increase the likelihood of fertilization.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.