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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Тихоокеанский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pacific Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1175</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TGMU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34215/1609-1175-2022-3-5-9</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pmj-2352</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробиота конъюнктивы новорожденных: современное состояние проблемы и клинические перспективы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Conjunctival microbiota of newborns: Current state of the problem and clinical perspectives</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3161-5334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-офтальмолог диагностического отделения,</p><p>690088, г. Владивосток, ул. Борисенко, 100Е</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ophthalmologist of Diagnostic Department,</p><p>100e, Borisenko Str.,Vladivostok, 690088</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnov@primglaz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федяшев</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedyashev</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приморский центр микрохирургии глаза</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primorskiy Center of Eye Microsurgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приморский центр микрохирургии глаза;&#13;
Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primorskiy Center of Eye Microsurgery;&#13;
Pacific State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>9</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнов А.К., Федяшев Г.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнов А.К., Федяшев Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnov A.K., Fedyashev G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tmj-vgmu.ru/jour/article/view/2352">https://www.tmj-vgmu.ru/jour/article/view/2352</self-uri><abstract><p>Видовой состав микробиоты конъюнктивы у новорожденных и детей первого года жизни влияет на выбор правильной тактики в профилактике воспалительных реакций. Эффективность антибактериальной терапии зависит от наличия постановки тестов на чувствительность. Наиболее распространенные типы бактерий у детей до одного года: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria и Bacteroidetes. Выделенная микрофлора наиболее чувствительна к фторхинолонам. Среди новорожденных, родившихся естественным путем, в бактериальной культуре наиболее часто выделяют коагулазонегативные Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium spp и Corynebacterium spp. В группе кесарева сечения наиболее часто встречаются изоляты коагулазонегативных Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium spp и Staphylococcus aureus. Исследования детей с дакриоциститом новорожденных выявили наличие высокого процента матерей с воспалительными, грибковыми и инфекционными заболеваниями половых путей. Имеется корреляция между видами бактерий, полученными из образцов конъюнктивального и цервиковагинального секрета. У детей старшего возраста сложность состава микрофлоры была выше, чем у детей младшего возраста. В группе детей младше шести месяцев не будет значительного влияния окружающей среды. Более сложная флора глазной поверхности в детском возрасте согласуются с изменениями микробиома желудочно-кишечного тракта. Не обнаружено различий в микробиоме глазной поверхности у детей, перенесших операцию на глазах. Частота встречаемости и спектр микрофлоры в зависимости от географического положения имеют свою индивидуальную специфику. Эти исследования в дальнейшем позволят разработать систему мониторинга состава конъюнктивальной микробиоты у новорожденных в акушерских стационарах и родильных домах. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The species composition of the conjunctival microbiota of newborns and first-year infants informs the selection of an optimal management tactics for the prevention of inflammatory responses. The effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy depends on the availability of susceptibility testing. The most common types of bacteria found in first-year infants include Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. These bacterium types are most sensitive to fluoroquinolones. The bacterial culture of neonates born naturally most frequently contain coagulase-negative staphylococci, Propionibacterium spp, and Corynebacterium spp., while that in neonates born by caesarean section feature coagulasenegative staphylococci, Propionibacterium spp, and Staphylococcus aureus. An examination of infants with neonatal dacryocystitis revealed a high incidence of inflammatory, fungal, and infectious diseases of the genital tract in their mothers. A correlation was established between the bacterial species obtained from conjunctival and cervicovaginal fluid samples. The microflora composition in older infants is characterized by higher complexity compared to that in younger infants. No significant environmental impact is observed in the group of infants under 6 months old. A more complex ocular surface microbiome in childhood is consistent with alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiome. No alterations in the ocular surface microbiome were observed in infants that underwent ophthalmic surgery. The abundance and composition of microflora was found to depend on the geographical location and individual specifics. The conducted research supports the development of a system for monitoring the conjunctival microbiota composition of newborns in obstetric and maternity hospitals. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новорожденные</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>конъюнктива</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>дакриоцистит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>newborns</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>conjunctiva</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>dacryocystitis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бржеский В.В., Воронцова Т.Н., Прозорная Л.П., Ефимова Е.Л. Возможности лечения хронических инфекционных конъюнктивитов у детей. Российский общенациональный офтальмологический форум. 2009: 337–42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brzhesky VV, Vorontsova TN, Prozornaya LP, Efimova E.L. Treatment options for chronic infectious conjunctivitis in children. 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