pmjТихоокеанский медицинский журналPacific Medical Journal1609-1175TGMU10.34215/1609-1175-2022-3-13-18pmj-2354Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSКератоконус: современные диагностические аспекты и вопросы классификацииKeratoconus: current aspects of diagnosis and classificationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8178-8949БобковаД. О.BobkovaD. O.

 врач-офтальмолог диагностического отделения,

690088, г. Владивосток, ул. Борисенко, 100Е

ophthalmologist of Diagnostic Department,

100e, Borisenko Str., Vladivostok, 690088

dusha.9494@mail.ruПриморский центр микрохирургии глазаРоссияPrimorsky Center of Eye MicrosurgeryRussian Federation202207092022031318Copyright © Бобкова Д.О., 20222022Бобкова Д.О.Bobkova D.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.tmj-vgmu.ru/jour/article/view/2354

Кератоконус (КК)  – прогрессирующее невоспалительное эктатическое заболевание роговицы, характеризующееся ее истончением, формированием конического выпячивания и развитием нерегулярного астигматизма с различной степенью нарушения зрения. Представлен литературный обзор по эпидемиологии, классификации и диагностике заболевания. В настоящее время в клинической практике чаще всего применяются классификации «ABCD» M. Belin и M. Amsler в вариации Krumeich. Диагностика КК нуждается в комплексном подходе по результатам различных методов исследования. Метод Шаймпфлюг-визуализации с оценкой биохимических свойств роговицы проводится на кератотомографе Pentacam Oculus в сочетании с прибором Corvis ST. Результат исследования выражается в виде диагностических индексов: CBI (Corvis Biomechanical Index), BAD-D (Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Index total deviation), TBI (Tomographic Biomechanical Index). Применение оптической когерентной томографии необходимо для оценки карты толщины эпителия роговицы и проведения пахиметрии для исключения скрытого истончения стромы. 

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive non-inflammatory ectatic corneal disease typified by corneal thinning and conical protrusion, as well as irregular astigmatism with a varying-degree visual impairment. A literature review on the disease epidemiology, classification and diagnosis is presented. Current clinical practice most commonly relies on the Krumeich’s adaptation of ABCD grading system by M. Belin and M. Amsler. The KC diagnosis requires a comprehensive approach that integrates a variety of methods. Scheimpflug imaging with the corneal biochemistry assessment is performed with a Pentacam Oculus keratotomograph in combination with a Corvis ST device. The result is expressed as diagnostic indices, CBI (Corvis Biomechanical Index), BAD-D (Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Index total deviation) and TBI (Tomographic Biomechanical Index). The use of optical coherence tomography is necessary to perform corneal epithelial thickness mapping as well as pachymetry to rule out hidden stromal thinning. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.