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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pmj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Тихоокеанский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pacific Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1175</issn><publisher><publisher-name>TGMU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34215/1609-1175-2025-3-11-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pmj-2965</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль факторов гипоксии в транскрипционных механизмах клонального гемопоэза при миелодиспластическом синдроме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of hypoxia factors in the transcriptional mechanisms of clonal hematopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Невзорова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevzorova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3913-5589</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волосатов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volosatov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волосатов Алексей Сергеевич – врач-стажер отделения гематологии; ординатор института терапии и  инструментальной диагностики</p><p>690105, Владивосток, ул. Русская, 55</p><p>690002, Владивосток, пр-т Острякова, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Volosatov, trainee physician of Hematology Department; Resident at the Institute of Therapy and Instrumental Diagnostics </p><p>55 Russkaya st., Vladivostok, 690105, Russia</p><p>2 Ostryakova ave., Vladivostok, 690002, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avolosatov369@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талько</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Музыченко</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muzychenko</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черток</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chertok</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский  университет;&#13;
Краевая клиническая больница №2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific State Medical University;&#13;
Regional Clinical Hospital No 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Краевая клиническая больница №2</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Clinical Hospital No 2</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский  университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Невзорова В.А., Волосатов А.С., Талько А.В., Музыченко Н.С., Дубов В.С., Черток В.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Невзорова В.А., Волосатов А.С., Талько А.В., Музыченко Н.С., Дубов В.С., Черток В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nevzorova V.A., Volosatov A.S., Talko A.V., Muzychenko N.S., Dubov V.S., Chertok V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.tmj-vgmu.ru/jour/article/view/2965">https://www.tmj-vgmu.ru/jour/article/view/2965</self-uri><abstract><p>Гипоксия-индуцируемый фактор (Hypoxia-induced factor, HIF), главный регулятор клеточного ответа на гипоксию, координирует адаптацию через активацию генов, контролирующих ангиогенез (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VEGF), метаболизм глюкозы (Glucose Transporter, GLUT1, GLUT3), пролиферацию (Insulin-like Growth Factor, IGF-2), pH-гомеостаз (Carbonic anhydrase, CA IX) и эритропоэз (ЭПО). Роль HIF как маркера гипоксии и драйвера агрессивности солидных опухолей не вызывает сомнений, однако его вклад в патогенез гематологических заболеваний, в частности в развитие клонального кроветворения и лейкемогенез, остается малоизученным и противоречивым. В данном обзоре литературы мы сосредоточились на анализе взаимосвязи экспрессии HIF-1α (наиболее изученной изоформы) с риском возникновения клонального гемопоэза при миелодиспластическом синдроме (МДС), возможностью последующей трансформации в острый миелобластный лейкоз (ОМЛ) и неблагоприятным прогнозом течения МДС в целом. Особое внимание уделено потенциальным механизмам, посредством которых гипоксия и HIF-1α могут способствовать селективному преимуществу диспластического клона (например, через изменение метаболизма, апоптоза или взаимодействия со стромой костного мозга) и его злокачественной прогрессии. Полученные данные важны для оценки риска течения МДС и поиска новых терапевтических мишеней коррекции возникших нарушений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a key regulator of the cellular response to hypoxia. This factor coordinates adaptation through the activation of genes controlling angiogenesis (VEGF), glucose metabolism (GLUT1, GLUT3), proliferation (IGF-2), pH homeostasis (CA IX), and erythropoiesis (EPO). Although the role of HIF as a marker of hypoxia and a driver of aggressiveness in solid tumors is well-established, its contribution to the pathogenesis of hematological diseases, particularly in the development of clonal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, remains poorly understood and controversial. In this literature review, we focus on analyzing the relationship between HIF-1α expression (the most studied isoform) and the disease severity of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the risk of clonal hematopoiesis, and subsequent transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Special attention is given to the potential mechanisms by which hypoxia and HIF-1α may promote the selective advantage of the dysplastic clone (e.g., through alterations in metabolism, apoptosis, or interaction with the bone marrow stroma) and its malignant progression. The findings highlight the significance for MDS risk stratification and the search for novel therapeutic targets.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>HIF-1α/HIF-2α</kwd><kwd>миелодиспластический синдром</kwd><kwd>микроокружение костного мозга</kwd><kwd>пролилгидроксилаза</kwd><kwd>псевдогипоксия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>HIF-1a/HIF-2a</kwd><kwd>myelodysplastic syndrome</kwd><kwd>bone marrow microenvironment</kwd><kwd>prolyl hydroxylase</kwd><kwd>pseudohypoxy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu CJ, Wang LY, Chodosh LA, Keith B, Simon MC. Differentialroles of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and HIF-2alpha in hypoxic gene regulation. 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