Background. In the structure of infants diseases dominated pathological conditions originating in the perinatal period, which indicates their link with the mother>s health and gestation course. Methods. The study included 38 children born by mothers with physiological pregnancy (group 1) and 35 children born by mothers whose pregnancies complicated by the threat of interruption (group 2). Evaluated anthropometric indicators, physical status, morbidity and cellular and humoral immunity. Results. In the 2nd group of children was significantly more frequent in prematurity and birth asphyxia and intrauterine growth retardation. In this cases diagnosed with greater frequency hemorrhagic syndrome, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and central nervous system diseases and allergic diseases of skin. These children during the first year of life indicate disorders of processes of immunological tolerance to the depletion of the general resistance of the organism. Conclusions. Gestation course complicated with threat of miscarriage, affects the performance of physical, somatic and immunological status of the child>s first year of life. In practice, pediatrician and neonatologist should form risk groups of these children, especially for allergic diseases, and carry out preventive measures.