Brain rhythmic activity in eye diseases

Abstract

Objective. The bioelectric activity of the brain was studied in 80 patients with various diseases of the organ of vision (glaucoma, myopia, age-related macular dystrophy, cataracts). Methods. The study was conducted with electroencephalograph 'Neuron-spectr-1' with the use of specialized package of applications on spectral analysis of human brain rhythmic activity for usage in medicine to early diagnose pathology of internal organs. It was used the technology of recording the global brain rhythmic activity with narrow-band filtering and a long summation time with predominantly long-term current rhythmic oscillations in the frequency spectrum ranging from 0.1 to 30 Hz. Results. In case of a primary open angle glaucoma and macular dystrophy we observed a general pattern of 'pathological' activity predominantly in frequency spectra of autonomic receptors. This is the evidence of the activation of local sympathetic and suppression of parasympathetic tonus. Changes of brain rhythmic activity were detected in patients with low degree myopia; they characterized the state of a-ad re no receptors and M-cho-linergic receptors of the ciliary muscle of the eye. Patients with initial age-related cataracts were dominated by low-frequency processes in the projection segments of the eye. Conclusions. Features of bioelectrical brain activity revealed in glaucoma, macular dystrophy, myopia, and cataracts can be a basis for development of additional criteria of screening diagnostics of early stages of eye diseases.