Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Primorsky Krai

Abstract

Aim. To characterize imported cases of dengue fever in Primorsky Krai and to establish the clinical and epidemiological features of the disease.
Materials and methods. A retrospective clinical and epidemiological descriptive study was conducted. The material was 71 maps of an epidemiological survey of people sick with dengue fever for the period from 2012 to 2023, as well as 66 case histories.
Results. The peak incidence occurred in 2018, with the intensity of 0.78 per 100 thousand population. Since 2012, the cases of dengue fever had been reported every year, except for 2021–22. The import was carried out from the region of Southeast Asia, often from Thailand, mainly in the winter–spring period. The disease was characterized by an acute onset, a persistent fever for 7.1 ± 0.2 days, symptoms of general intoxication, and the appearance of maculopapular exanthema (97.0%). Dengue hemorrhagic fever in the structure of identified cases was 3.0%. Cytolysis (83.3%), leukopenia (72.7%), thrombocytopenia (60.6%), and lymphocytosis (72.2%) were observed in the blood test.
Conclusions. Considering the significant excess of the average incidence rate in the Russian Federation, the epidemiological situation regarding the import of dengue fever into the Primorsky Krai can be considered unfavorable. Diagnosis should take into account the clinical characteristics and morbidity risks of the disease.