Clinical and morphological types of renal pathology caused by various drugs are presented in the article. Clinical cases of drug induced injury are discussed. Diagnostic criteria of analgetic nephropathy, hepatic nephropathy, hemolytic and uremic syndrome are defined. Prednisolon therapy, carbohemoperfusion and dialysis are recommended as life saving therapy. Administration of drugs demands consideration of ill background to prevent nephrotoxity. Participation of clinical pharmacologist in pharmacotherapy is authentically substantiated.

The paper provides a literature review regarding apparatus-based diagnostics of souffle. The authors discuss various methods of registering sound signals and a possibility of localising souffle source, as well as show the potential for further computer-based development of this technique. As a conclusion, they say that apparatus-based auscultation of lungs is a promising high-quality method that guarantees the diagnostic criteria to be objective. Furthermore, as the treatment-and-diagnostic institutions become more computerised, there will be some prerequisites for wide application of this method in the clinical practice.

This paper provides a literature review on a role of genetic factors in developing osteoporosis. The authors give data on the current investigations of genes that encode vitamin D receptors and I type collagen metabolism, and their effect on mineral bone density. They also highlight that the testing of genes-candidates responsible for pre-osteoporosis provides insight into early pre-clinical detection of patients who are very likely to risk getting this disease in various forms.

The paper represents a lecture on ontogenesis and age-related changes in the oral mucosa and shows differences in the epithelium structure for various age groups. Analysis of prosthetic bed in elderly and old ages shows that the thinning of epithelial layer, deterioration of blood supply and sclerosis of subjacent tissues result in reduction of mechanical strength and barrier function that the mucous membrane performs.

The authors set forth schemes of knowledge about changes in the state of adaptive mechanisms, between external causes, or diseases, and processes of the changes in adaptive mechanisms, as well as knowledge about responses to events related to the state of adaptive mechanisms. The proposed schemes may be applied in medicine, for example in allergology. Allergic reactions represent the process of the change of adaptive mechanisms therein.

The authors have examined 90 patients aged 17—36 suffering from non-specific inflammatory diseases of uterus and uterine appendages, including 28 women with acute me- troendometritis, 30 women with acute metroendometritis complicated by salpingo-oophoritis, and 32 women with exacerbation of chronic salpingo-oophoritis. When arriving in and discharging from the in-patient department, all patients were examined for thyrotrophic hormone, triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, and cortisol in the blood serum. Changing concentrations of cortisol and thyrotrophic hormone under the conditions of acute endometritis evidenced the most favourable clinical course and outcome, while an abrupt increase of glucocorticoids and thyrotrophic hormone in the blood of patients suffering from complicated metroendometritis had adverse effect on the cellular and humoral immunity activity and resulted in more severe clinical course of this inflammatory disease. The patients suffering from exacerbation of chronic salpingo-oophoritis had moderately increased concentration of cortisol in blood that appeared to be insufficient to intensify inflammatory reaction and, therefore, to activate restoration.

Not numerous data available in the literature on changes of system region blooddynamics at healthy people depending on natural factors and geographical conditions were the reason of carrying out of the present work. Using radioisotope methods, it is surveyed practically healthy 135 men in the age of from 18 till 60 years and is more senior, living in areas with sharply continental climate, iodic insufficiency and deficiency of some mineral substances in an environment. Certain dynamics of values muscular bloodgroove, speeds of distribution RPP on vessels and time of decrease in accumulation of activity above investigated areas depending on age, which was characterized by reduction of digital values in process of ageing an organism, is noted. The done work has allowed to establish threshold parameters of investigated test at persons of different age groups end to reveal at them a deference in parameters region blooddynamics in comparison with inhabitants of the western regions of country.

The authors state that in the Amur Region over the last ten years there have been an increasing number of patients suffering from gynecomastia and breast cancer. On examining concentrations of hormones in the peripheral blood of men suffering from mammary glands diseases, they show the values of hormonal profile with regard to the regional physiological normal features that allow choosing the right therapeutic approach to the patients suffering from dyshormonal hyperplasia and breast cancer.

The authors have examined 82 patients with COPD exacerbation and 20 healthy persons. Endothelium vasomotor activity was investigated by using high-resolution ultrasound and NO metabolites content was measured in the blood serum by Greiss's method. Plasma TNF-a, IL-13 and IL-10 levels were determined by the immune-enzyme analysis, spectrophotometric method was used by measuring malonyldialdehyde and superoxide desmutase activity rate. According to the findings, COPD patients had the vasomotor and NO-generating endothelium function breach against a background of the high-powered proinflammatory response and oxidative imbalance. The correlational analysis suggested that there were interrelations of vascular endothelium dysfunction with the processes of chronic inflammation in COPD.

The author provides data on morphologic and morphometric studies of liver puncture samples carried out using computer image analyser on the basis of comparative microspectrophotometry. On testing biopsy material obtained from 200 patients suffering from chronic hepatitis of different a etiology, the author has detected intensification of hepatocytes restoration activity marked in different ways and under different forms of viral hepatitis. The author has identified the regularity in the changing correlation between hepatocytes of small and large nuclei that implicatively evidenced the differences in the intensity of proliferative process observed in liver.

The authors discuss the results obtained in the course of examination of nasal mucous tunic during single intake of alcohols by men that included endoscopic methods and anterior active rhinomanometry, as well as saccharin solution test. Analysis of the findings on the changing mucociliary transport, total resistance to the flow of air in the nasal cavity showed some alterations in the functional state of the nasal mucous tunic that might be a result of the alcohol's effect.

This paper describes clinical, forensic and social aspects of gender violence and suggests epidemiologic model of sexual violence as a form of gender violence. In authors' opinion, gender violence results from a number of factors, such as biological (chromosomal and genetic abnormalities), somatic (chronic poisoning, chronic diseases, traumas), anthropogenic (state of the environment, gas contamination, noise, water pollution, radiation), personal (mental diseases, alcoholism, drug addiction), social (low socio-economic status, unemployment, repeated commission of offence), and public (violence as a form of resolving conflicts, discrimination against women) ones.

The purpose of this study was to determine the response of the FERMC staff to domestic violence (DV) and an educational program on DV against women. An exploratory descriptive study with a two-group design was used. The sample consisted of 93 physicians and 93 nurses from four departments of FERMC. 100% of the FERMC staff had no previous training on DV against women. The instruments used included Importance of Training Topics for DV Questionnaire, Inventory of Believes about Wife Beating, and Self-Efficacy Scale for Battered Women-Professional Version. Topics on DV against women that the FERMC staff rated as important for training were awareness of the problem, referrals as intervention, references resources, and legal aspects of DV. The major conclusions of the study were following: 1) the staff had the positive response to training on DV against women; 2) the FERMC staff (both physicians and nurses) was similar in their beliefs that there was no justification for DV against women, that women did not gain from beating, and that help should be given to women who are abused; 3) medical professionals in both groups had a moderate and a high self-efficacy believe about battered women. The study underscored the need for continuing education for physicians and nurses on DV.

The headache is one of the most widespread complaints with which patients address to the doctor practically any specialists. More all in a population is distributed a headache of a pressure. The researches devoted to prevalence and to clinical characteristics of a headache at children are not numerous and inconsistent. 258 supervision of a headache at patients 16 years are investigated is younger. Manipulation included correction of infringements of a bearing, elimination of a spasm of muscles of a neck and the top humeral belt, liquidation of functional blocks in a cervical department of a backbone, osteopathic influence on bones of a skull, formation of a correct impellent stereotype and rational physiotherapy exercises. After a rate manual treatment at 215 patients (83,3%) there has come significant improvement of a condition.

The authors provide data on the functional state of 36 patients suffering from the closed chest injury, obtained using the method of mathematical analysis of heart rhythm. The conducted studies demonstrate some regularities of a decrease in the adaptive reserves, depending on the extent of compression of the pulmonary tissue and the external respiration disorders. As a result, the authors prove the possibility of applying this method to predict the onset of traumatic pneumonia in this patient population.

In an organism of the person kidneys are most frequent target for various cyst diseases. The introduction of radiological diagnostic technique in clinical practice allows verifying renal cyst practically in 100% of cases. Many methods of treatment of simple renal cyst are offered now. We used laparoscopic resection for renal cyst as a new, highly effective and safe method, which is an alternative to open surgery, especially in that case when conservative therapy does not give desirable result. The analysis of results of laparoscopic operations executed at 70 patients for the period 1996 for 2005 is carried out. The medical efficiency of operation was estimated using the comparison of operative invasion parameters. The minimal intraoperative blood loss, shorter duration of a postoperative pain and shorter hospital stay are shown as advantages of endoscope procedure.

Urino-genital fistula is a rare kind of pathology still to be found in every day medical practice. Women suffering fromurino-genitalfistulas, vesicovaginal ones included, are disabled persons from the social point of view. This paper provides data on the retrospective analysis of 27 case histories of women suffering from vesicovaginal fistulas undertaken to identify the optimal period of closure of these fistulas. As is shown, surgical treatment of the fistulas administered 3—4 weeks after the disease starts (unlike the traditional 3—6 months) results in a considerable decrease of the relapse rate, hastens the social adaptation and allows not to assign the II disability group to these patients.

The authors have carried out experimental investigation into the wound process course in 30 white he-rats using polypropylene implant, and showed that this implant was neutral for the organism. The wound process course, if this implant was inside, was no different from the aseptic wound process. On performing 147 surgeries using meshed implants (SurgyPRO MESH, USSC), including 79 laparoscopic hernioplasties, 17 laparoscopically assisted hernioplasties and 51 Liechtenstein hernioplasties, the authors shared their experience in identifying the indications for applying these methods of plastic surgery on hernial orifice.

The paper describes complications occurred on completion of the aorta-femoral vascular segment bypass grafting. Paraprosthetic infection was registered in 40 operation follow-ups (460 surgeries, 8.7%). Depending on the extent to which this infection had been disseminated, there was a need to remove prosthesis completely or in part. Therefore, it was expedient to maintain uninfected part of the prosthesis and restore blood supply in the limb simultaneously or later.

The paper concerns the problems of rotavirus in Vladivostok in 1993—2004 and provides data on its sickness rate, endemicity, twoor three-year recurrence, and evident tendency towards increase. Two upsurges in the sickness rate registered in August-January and March-May were an evidence of the seasonality of this disease. The high-risk groups comprised babies under one year and one-year-old or two-year-old kids as members of organised groups. Rotavirus circulation was registered among people suffering from acute enteric infections, reconvalescent persons (those who survived rotavirus), contact persons, and healthy population. Virological examination confirmed that the infection might be a result of drinking of fresh tap water or well water, bathing in the recreation water reservoirs, and eating of melons and gourds. Based on the analysis of this flash morbidity, it should be mentioned that the non-percutaneous channel of this infection and domestic transmission of this infection prevailed in the children's organised groups and in-patient departments.

157 patients aged 18—65 suffering from community-acquired pneumonia have been examined in the pulmonological department of the clinical hospital. Induced sputum, blood and pulmonary tissues in one lethal outcome case were the materials used to perform bacteriological tests. Streptococci prevailed over those pathogens that caused community-acquired pneumonia. They were very susceptible to amoksiklav, cefotaxime and levofloxacin, although in both age groups S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes were resistant to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin.

Researching into the parameters of physical development and the functional state of conscripts' organisms is of special interest to those who perform social and environmental monitoring. The military service period is characterised by a permanent need to adapt, disadapt and re-adapt. In the Primorsky Region conditions, a special attention should be focused upon the state of neuroendocrinous system and, particularly, thyroid gland due to the fact that there is a highly increased concentration of trace elements capable of inducing secondary iodine deficiency, if they accumulate in the human organism.

24060 dispensary oncologic patients have been registered on books in Primorsky Region. In 2003 6268 patients suffering from malignant tumors were registered for the first time. The level of common oncologic sickness rate for both sexes amounted to 297.2 per 100 thousand inhabitants. As to men, intensive index of the morbidity was higher that that of the women' one. The oncologic pathology structure comprised urogenital system tumors (13.6%). Application of screening program could reduce a part of advanced tumors in prostate gland and death rate among the male population of Primorsky Region.

Application of a system-differentiated approach to the hospital-acquired infection prophylaxis implies permanent implementation of a set of preventive measures and adherence to antiepidemic regime when there is a favourable epidemiologic situation in the multifield hospital departments, as well as realisation of extra antiepidemic activities, if the epidemiologic situation becomes worse (if there are some antecedent signs). These measures should be implemented taking a specific group and infection type into account. The paper provides data on contagion, profile and dynamics of hospital infections in the Vladivostok in-patient departments over the period from 1997 till 2001.

The paper provides a medical practice case: acute cholecystitis associated with acute appendicitis in women at the age of 63. Initially there was a need to remove the inflamed gallbladder; acute appendicitis was diagnosed later, and in the course of the surgery the doctors found the inflamed appendix and retroperitoneal phlegmon. Notwithstanding the appendectomy, drainage and intensive care, it was indispensable to operate on the patient for the phlegmon for the second time. The recovered woman was discharged from the hospital.

The paper provides a medical practice case of the compound lung tumour detected in a woman aged 75. The major node tissue was characterised by atypical lymphoid and reticular cells. Progressive oncological process resulted in its spreading as a chronic lymphatic leukaemia. Tumour infiltrations in various organs were mainly composed of either lymphoid or reticular elements. The authors discuss the relevancy of diagnosing lymphoreticulosarcoma as a rare dimorphous tumour.

Creative model applied to the continuous pre- and post-graduate education in a medical college has been designed to form and afterwards develop the creative potential of the students and medical specialists. The creative potential of the trainees is a basis of the proposed model. Its components are knowledge, both basic and acquired, creative personality qualities, creative abilities, skills, talents, as well as thinking and imagination. The creative activity of the students shall be managed taking account of the following system components: motivation-telic, essential-substantial, function-educational, innovation-technological, and effective-corrective. Application of the creative model in the pedagogical practice will allow professional formation and development of the creative personality that will be capable of discovering something new on one's own.

Venerologist Alexander Pavlovich Ostryakov (1880—1959) was the founder and first chief of the Vladivostok Skin and Venereologic Dispensery since 1923. This paper is based on documents from his personal archive. These documents are his personal file, articles on venereal diseases enforcement in Primorye, on the history of medical education in Vladivostok, on errors made by physicians, etc., wich show the personality of A.P. Ostryakov as a physician, researcher, administrator and historian of medicine. The intention of this paper is to remind the public of some episodes from the history of medicine in Primorye.

The abstract provides summary of the research and instructional conference held in the Vladivostok State Medical University. Ten papers regarding interpersonal relations in the pedagogical communication have been heard at the conference. As shown, cooperation is a prevailing behaviour pattern among those studying in the medical college. Some proposed papers are devoted to conflictology and ways of responding to conflict situations. All papers has been published and incorporated into a collection of the conference materials. Research and instructional conference «Development of personality in medical college» is scheduled for 2006.

The abstract provides some information on the Far-Eastern trade fair exhibition «Press Court-2005» held in Vladivostok in October 2005. The publishing houses from the entire Russian Far East as well as from Moscow and Saint-Petersburg took part in this exhibition. «Medicina-DV» Publishing House being among the leading publishing companies was repeatedly awarded at this forum.