While conducting experiment on rats, the author has inquired into deep burn wounds regeneration in the course of transplantation of allogenic and autogenic fibroblast-like mesenchymalbone marrow stem cells and embryonal fibroblasts onto the burn surface. As is shown, the transplantation lessens cellular infiltration of the wound, as well as accelerates granulation tissue generation. Regeneration processes were well-marked, when using fibroblast-like mesenchymal cells, that is determined by their lesser differentiation, as compared with the embryonal fibroblasts.

The author analyses the potential and shows the results of the liver transplantation in Republic of Singapore. The paper includes two lines of researches: cadaveric hepatic transplantation and liver transplantation from living donor. 102 transplantations have been performed, including 22 ones from living donors. Donor death-rate was 0,3%. Three recipients perished from venous thrombosis and sepsis. The author draws a conclusion that the liver transplantation from living donor is more expedient and worthwhile. Forecasting the increase in the number of analogous surgeries in the nearest future, he believes that researching and improving the transplantation technique is of great significance.

Based on the data of 2000 observations and literature, the authors examine diverse procedures of surgical treatment of obstructive jaundice. They highlight the up-to-date diagnostics of the diseases, which entail biliary tracts obstruction, and show the potentialities of ultrasonic diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging procedure and computed tomography. The authors draw a conclusion that developing transcutaneous, video-endoscopic methods and procedures with mini-approach could solve many problems of obstructive jaundice treatment.

The authors carried out the experiment on 30 white outbred rats for which abdominal wall defect was covered with carbonic implant "Carbonicus-I". During early postoperative period the complications as bronchopulmonary inflammations were observed at seven animals, four ones died of pneumonia. Five rats had suture sinuses formed, and three of them, afterwards, had their implants rejected. These investigations allowed drawing a conclusion that at the initial stage of the engraftment there was a normal inflammatory aseptic tissue reaction; afterwards when there was no suppurative inflammation, dense connective tissue was generated.

In the researches the authors analyse the most frequent reasons for hand explosive wounds of children and adolescents, describe their mechanogenesis and features and show typical injuries. Based on the experience of the surgical treatment of 128 children and adolescents suffering from hand explosive wounds, they have elaborated the classification, which allows defining concretely this pathology taking into consideration the ethiology, character, type and severity of injury so as to choose the optimal tactics of the following expert surgery.

The authors described the procedure of laparoscopic application of low colo-rectal and colo-anal anastomosises when operating on account of rectal cancer conducting lymphadenectomies. 7 operations had been performed. Later on, the authors marked all the traditional advantages of the laparoscopic approach and good functional results of the treatment. In the course of a year after the interventions there were no recurrent tumors.

The authors introduced a new method of spleen resection having been used during the experiment. It was carried out so as to specify the probabilities to preserve a part of the spleen on the short stomachal vessels when there is no blood supply from splenic artery, as well as to develop the spleen resection technique preserving its upper pole. The work demonstrates the probability of the reduction of indications for splenectomy under closed injury of the organ at children.

The article presents the treatment results and tactical approach to the patients who suffer from acute destructive pancreatitis, depending on the stage of the process, as well as the presence or absence of complications. At the initial stages of the disease it is recommended to use the pathogenetic conservative therapy to be complemented with laparoscopic sanation of abdominal cavity. Laparotomy is indicated when developing purulent peritonitis, destructive cholecystitis and parapancreatitis.

The authors present comparative analysis of functional fitness of left ventricle of heart at 184 patients to which myocardial revasculization was performed on functioning heart and under the conditions of artificial circulation. The patient groups were compared to demographic and clinical data. Following the echocardiography of left ventricle contractile function immediately after the myocardial revasculization there were no reliable differences between the analyzable groups. Furthermore, at different stages of postoperative supervision the similar dynamics was to be observed in both groups.

Based on the data of 146 observations, the authors studied diagnostic and prognostic value of changes in intraventricular conduction and troponin I level in diagnosing the perioperative ischemic myocardial damage when carrying out aortocoronary shunting. Among the patients undergone the operation on the functioning heart the troponin I level turned out to be lower than in the group of patients operated under the conditions of the artificial circulation. When there was no ischemic injury the time of the intraventricular conduction during postoperative period did not change and was independent of shunting conditions. Transient perioperative myocardial ischemia was registered towards the patients operated under the conditions of the artificial circulation two times more often. The troponin I level and its dynamics under perioperative myocardial infarction were independent of the intervention conditions, and the persistent increase in the time of the intraventricular conduction confirmed irreversible ischemic myocardial damage.

The authors have studied chronobiological features of the beats and ciliary arrhythmia of patients who suffer from ischemic cardiac disease, rheumatism and chronic obstructive lungs diseases using original methodical procedures to analyze electrocardiograms. Having detected essential distinctions in parameters under study for both rhythm disturbances, they showed that at patients having ischemic cardiac disease under extrasystolic and ciliary arrhythmia certain time parameters had corresponded to golden section proportion that had not been observed under rheumatism and lungs diseases. A special emphasis was placed on the necessity of further inquiry into the nature of nosologic chronobiological heterogeneity of heart rhythm disturbances.

Based on the sensitivity and specificity analysis, the authors have estimated the diagnostic value of standard methods of examination applied to the patients with mammary glands diseases associated with the galactorrhea syndrome. As is shown according to the results of the examination of 2277 patients, the diagnostic sensitivity of clinical trial has amounted to 66,4%, mammography — 0,49%, ductography 67,1%, and diagnostic specificity 93,4,99,5 and 87,1%, respectively. Allowing for the fact that none of the methods has had optimal diagnostic value while applying separately, so as to improve the quality of diagnosing it is recommended to use the whole arsenal of diagnostic facilities.

Over the past ten years the sickness rate of cholelithiasis has increased by 8-10 times and keep on growing. As for the patients of the elderly age, the problems of cholelithiasis are widely covered in the literature, nevertheless for the last years the disease is to be diagnosed more often to teenagers and youth. 53 patients aged 15 30 years were operated on account of the disease in the clinic of the chair of surgery № 3 of Vladivostok State Medical University during the years 1998-2003. In the present paper the authors define the typical and atypical forms of the cholelithiasis and show that the timely and due diagnosing of the disease to the patients of the young age is the joint aim of surgeons and doctors of other specialities.

The paper describes the method of computed electrocardiotopography, which makes for better diagnosing of both posterior and anterolateral myocardial infarctions, as provides for an opportunity to study the movement disorder of the heart electric field under necrosis of different localization. 54 patients suffering from anterior myocardial infarction, aged 28-71 were being kept under observation. The readings were carried out using multielectrode girdle of the apparatus "Ritm-M". 260 leads from the surface of thorax and the abdominal region were registered. Using electrocardiotopography has allowed defining more exactly the necrosis-s size and extension, including within the zones, which are impossible for imaging by applying the standard electrocardiography.

The paper provides the analysis of the efficacy of allinclusive gunshot wounds healing under the conditions of local fighting conflict by using both low-energy infrared laser and magnetic field actions. With the help of up-to-date methods of clinicolaboratory analysis 252 patients suffering from gunshot and mine-explosion wounds have been examined. While applying offered methods, the statistically significant improvement of the wound course, the acceleration of wounds healing and the amelioration of somatic state of the affected have been obtained.

The issues relating to the treatment of patients with spinal column injuries are of current importance in the present-day traumatic surgery. The paper summarizes the research activities of the chair of surgical vertebrology, and studies the biomechanical characteristics of the "fixation device-spinal column" system while in experiment. Experimental results have predetermined the choice of spinal column fixation technique in the clinical practice. Only rigid metal constructions could create optimal conditions for recovering anatomic and functional disorders. Open treatment of compound fractures and fracture-dislocations of the vertebras prevails over traditional conservative approaches. According to the overall results of the research studies, two inventions have been developed and introduced into a practice. Furthermore, the author shows methodical role of the chair in developing the spinal column surgery in Primorsky region.

In authors’ opinion, detecting and eliminating the risk factors, which make for generating necrotic suppurative feet affections under pancreatic diabetes, are essential components to treat the disease. The screening revealed that 44.3% of patients suffering from pancreatic diabetes were likely to be subjected to occurrence of ulcero-necrotic defects of lower extremities. 8,6% of patients had a great likelihood of it, and 3.1% greatest one. Thereby, the authors have showed and analysed the major causes for later diagnosing the diabetic foot syndrome at pre-admission stage.

In the present paper the authors, based on the computer-based morphometry of the nucleolar zones, make division of nucleolar-nuclear indices of prostate gland biopsy material epithelium of 183 patients having benign and malignant diseases into 6 groups, which are characterized by certain morphometric histotypes being correlated with concrete clinicopathologic forms. Visual analysis of quantity of nucleolar organizers has indicated their regular increase while passing to higher histotype. The findings testify the high self-descriptiveness of the computer-based morphometry of nucleolar-nuclear apparatus in differential diagnostics of the prostate gland diseases.

The authors analyse the causes of formation of chronic cicatricial stenoses of larynx and trachea and provide the results of treatment of 120 patients. One part of them has undergone a traditional treatment, and the others have been treated by using a new enzymatic drug «KK collagenase» so as to cut short the inflammatory process and perform the wound cleansing. The findings allow recommending it for using in regimens of the measures to prevent from deformation of larynx and trachea at patients being in intensive care department.

The paper is dedicated to the analysis of the changes occurred in diagnostics and treatment of the cardiovascular diseases in the USA over the last ten years. In author-s opinion, the increase in number of off-pump operations in cardiosurgery is associated with the increase in number of the aged among the population at large. Discussing the changes in the role of perfusionist in the present-day clinic, the author states that 40% of doctors specialized in this line of activity have mastered new manipulations so as to enhance their professional potential.

Urodynamic monitoring, which implies uroflowmetering at home and clinical estimation of urinary bladder functions of patients suffering from enuresis, makes for carrying out a selection for surgical treatment and distinguishing patients having mixed type of incontinence. In the latter case it is necessary to perform combination therapy associated with both conservative and surgical methods. Construction of nomograms based on machine registration of parameters allows evaluating objectively the treatment efficiency. Noninvasiveness and absence of contraindications for monitoring open up excellent possibilities of selection procedures that thereby tell on the operative intervention results.

The authors provide a program to instruct in manual skills mastering on endosurgical training simulator and a complex of original exercises, models, tests and teaching materials. Also, they have developed a methodological approach to training in endosurgery, defined objective criteria of training quality control and, based on the statistical analysis of objective criteria in the trainees-groups, proved the efficiency of the program worked out.

Since the actual "Instructions to calculate the cost of medical care" have restricted application, the author describes a new procedure to calculate economic efficiency in the health care service, based on existing methods. The difference is that actually the cost of service time unit is required to be calculated. The author focuses a great attention on the fact that developing new procedures to calculate the economic efficiency in the health care service should take place in parallel with introduction of research protocols on nosologies that will allow achieving major results at all stages of medical care provision.

The author describes the technique of transcutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Based on the literature, he examines the indications and contra-indications for this operation and shows the low rate of complications and the simplicity of performance that, in a number of cases, makes this procedure a real alternative to the traditional intervention.

The paper provides the clinicopathologic analysis on the efficiency of ozonotherapy carried out for 72 patients aged 11-18, suffering from thyroid gland diseases. Having used an original method being comprised of intravenous introduction of ozonized physiologic saline and pricking around of gland mass with ozone and oxygen compound, the authors have showed the high clinical efficiency of ozonotherapy under the thyroid gland diseases of children and teenagers. Nevertheless, this issuere-quires further developing.

The author presents the clinical situation, which in anesthesiology is referred to as «difficult intubation». Providing the classification of the methods to diagnose this state, he describes the clinical procedures and manipulations that allow avoiding the complications of «difficult intubation», and proposes algorithms to handle patients.

Based on the clinical data and literature, the authors systematize the methods to use cutaneous sutures dividing them into the types and ways of applying, as well as present their own modifications of cutaneous surgical sutures. In authors- opinion, the given systematization will make for planning an optimal therapeutic approach of incisional wounds closing, taking into account the spatial characteristic of the chosen suture with respect to the wound defect.

The authors consider the overall results of the twentieth activity of the thoracic surgery department of Primorsky regional oncologic dispensary and mark the leading role of the subdivision in introducing the up-to-date achievements of medical science and the advanced technology. Also, they discuss the necessity to create regional scientific-practical center of thoracic surgery on the base of the department so as to render expert aid, train personnel, and carry out research activities and consultation work.

The authors describe the present-day demographic setting in Primorsky region of the Russian Federation, which is characterized as depopulation associated with the reproduction of population being typical for the countries waging a war for a long while. They show both high death rate among the economically active population and low average forthcoming life interval, and draw a conclusion that the stabilization of the natality, diminution of the mortality and increase of the birth rate are possible when improving the social and economic situation and environment, as well as the quality of public medical care.

The paper describes two cases of tuberculous lesions of synovial tendon sheaths of flexor muscles of hand. The infrequency of the disease, long-lasting absence of local specific manifestations, and the clinical course under the guise of other diseases impeded diagnosing. Combination of both specific drug therapy and open treatment provided for the first patient allowed achieving the convalescence with complete functional recovery of the hand. The second patient could recuperate completely only by having used the specific drug therapy.