The authors have performed a comprehensive fertility assessment in Primorskiy Krai over the years 1989-2012 based on the statistics presented by the Federal State Statistics Service and the regional medical information-analytical center of Primorye. From 1989 to 1999 the total natality in Primorskiy Krai has decreased by 1.93 times. Its growth began since 2000, which was largely due to the withdrawal from another demographic fail and the increasing number of women of childbearing age. Since 2006 the total natality dynamics has been positively influenced by the state policy implementation aimed to stimulate the birth rate within the framework of the parent capital programme and social support for the families with children. Birth rate in the rural areas has traditionally been higher than in town. The most intensive growth was recorded in the period 2006-2012, when it came to 20 % in towns and 22.7 % in rural areas. From 1992 up to 2012 the population in the Primorskiy region has decreased by 354.7 thousand people, representing 15.4 %. The most intensive depopulation was during the 90s of the last century. But even in the first decade of the XXI century, when the natality began to rise, the population over the last 10 years has decreased by 120.2 thousand people or 5.8 % compared to 2003. At the same time there has been a structural degradation process of the people. During the first decade of this century a regressive type of the population has formed. The results of the analysis show that in the environment of continuing depopulation it is essential to pay special attention to the birth stimulating. One of the priorities in this sphere is ensuring the medical institutions with the physicians and nurses, enhancing their skills level that determine the availability and quality of medical care.

The review of modern ideas on the role of neurogenic factors in the age-related changes of the central and peripheral nervous system and development of cardiovascular diseases, mainly based on the native researches of the nervous apparatus of the heart and blood vessels during ontogeny in connection with an inception of the mediator stage of their development. Discussion of the clinical importance of the phenomenon of early involution of sympathetic nervous system in the development of cardiovascular disease. Presentation of the results of time-frequency spectral analysis of the cardiac rate data as well as data of researching the baroreflex regulation of blood pressure in case of hypertension. Under discussion also data related with the state of the nervous system during some forms of vascular disease, obtained by a new method of diagnostic with the use of neurotropic radiopharmaceuticals.

On the basis of long-term studies of the nutritional status for the population in Primorsky Krai along with the analysis of bibliographic materials, the researchers have developed a strategic concept in the people’s nutrition optimization, including 14 courses for its implementation, most of which are specific to the region. Among them: ensuring the availability of the food based on marine aquatics, recovering fisheries for the marine mammals, developing the fish farming, mariculture and food industry based on non-recyclable materials, developing the baby food industry, expanding the use of the Far Eastern flora and developing the healthy food industry, as well as the industry of biologically active food additives, etc. The great importance is attached to the recovery of the experimental base in Primorye for the medical and biological testing the food products.

Analysis of Russia's publications for the last ten years dedicated to application of the optical absorption spectrophotometry (OAS) in pharmacy. Methods of the OAS used in pharmacy can be for convenience divided into three main application areas, 1) quantitative determination and identification of medicinal preparations (drugs), 2) standardization and quality assessment of crude drug (medicative herbs), 3) improvement of methods of processing and presentation of the spectrophotometric data for purposes of increasing their information value. Promising application of derivative spectrophotometry in pharmacy for the improvement of spectral resolution presumably in accordance with the further developments.

Background. Object of studies - an evidence-based medicine analysis of the epidemiological and clinical features of enterovirus infections in Primorsky region. Methods. Learned regularity and specific features of the enteroviral infection in the Primorsky region in 2006-2011 based on the investigation of the in-patient cards in the contagious isolation ward of the of the 2^nd Primorsky regional clinical hospital. Results. The prevaling forms of the disease were a minor illness (57 % of diagnoses) and serous viral meningitis (19.8 %). According to the retrospective epidemiological and operational analysis of morbidity stated that food had been the prevaling channel of enterovirus infection (oral route) that caused the epidemic representations and outbreaks of enterovirus infection in 2006-2008. Conclusions. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of enteroviral disease in Primorsky Krai interdependent as well as its diagnostic criteria. In combination with a low frequency of laboratory confirmation of the infection it can lead to the significant mistakes and errors. Thus, a comprehensive study of this type of an infection is expedient and necessary to obtain the reliable data.

The early digestive diseases diagnosis in children in our time may determine the health level of the adult population. Methods. The study included 36 children aged 1.5 to 12 months with symptoms of allergic enteropathy caused by cow’s milk proteins intolerance. It was conducted comprehensive study involving fibrogastroduodenoscopy and phase contrast microscopy of parietal gastric mucus and gastric biopsy. Results. It was revealed inflammatory mucosal changes (biopsy) in 15 cases, and 21 patients at the time of its state inspection conform to the standards. When the biopsy study in 5 cases diagnosed atrophic gastritis (including 2 patients - with intestinal metaplasia ) in 6 cases - lymphocytic gastritis, in 4 cases - eosinophilic gastritis. It was found cocci, epithelium, neutrophils, lymphocytes in parietal mucus due to phase contrast microscopy. In 11 cases cytogram was characterized by normal cellular composition, in 25 cases it was registered the mild (12 cases) and moderate (13 observations) destructive changes in the cells. Moderate degree of degradation in 4 children was accompanied with phenomena metaplasia. Conclusions. Cytological morpho-functional assessment of the gastric mucosa state due to phase contrast microscopy was technically simple, able to reduce the invasiveness survey, informative, allowing you to quickly obtain reliable diagnostic information and to improve the quality of disease treatment and prognosis and may also be recommended to monitor the treatment effectiveness of gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity in children.

Wnt proteins are the key factors in many morphogenetic processes including the regenerative process. Mammals compared with invertebrates are definitely limited in the ability to regenerate the damaged organs although they have the same conservative molecules of Wnt signaling pathways. To activate regenerative process using Wnt proteins it is essential to study the recovery process in model organisms - echinoderms. Methods. Holothurians were taken from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan as well as from the Gulf of Nha Trang, South China Sea. Evisceration of the holothurians Eupentacta fraudatrix was induced by the injection of distilled water into the coelomic cavity. On the 3^rd, 5^th and 7^th day after evisceration the aqua pharyngeal complex rudiments and anterior area of recovering intestine were prosected. Holothurian Cladolabes schmeltzii was dissected in the middle part of the body into two fragments. The recovering intestine was prosected on the 14^th and 24^th day. In addition there were also the organisms engaged in the process of asexual reproduction (for the gene activity analysis the tissues from the fission spot have been studied). With the sequencing of the transcripts in holothurians the presence of genes WNT1, WNT2, WNT4, WNT6, WNT7, WNT9, WNT10, WNT16 has been determined during regenerative process and asexual reproduction. Results. In E. fraudatrix the genes expression WNT4, WNT6 occurred only at the late phases of regenerative process. In C. schmeltzii WNT2, WNT10, WNT16 activated at the early phases of recovery, WNT1, WNT2, WNT3, WNT4 and WNT7 - at the late phases. With asexual reproduction of C. schmeltzii the transcripts WNT1, WNT2, WNT4, WNT7, WNT10 have been revealed. The other members of Wnt signaling pathway have also been found: β-catenin, frizzled, dishevelled. Conclusions. The differences in the spectrum of Wnt signaling molecules in various species of holothurians obviously reflect different morphogenesis mechanisms in their anterior and back body structures. Identified WNT genes sequences have only 45-67 % of the similarity level with homologous genes of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, which is explained by a large evolutionary gap between the sea urchins and holothurians. Perhaps in the studied processes WNT genes make a concentration gradient, thereby determining the organs’ rudiment areas or they directly control the regenerative process, making the cells to migrate and form the organs.

The ‘Pentakan’ preparation - is the extract from the holothurians (HE), dwelling in the shelf zone of the seas in the Far East, has a wide range of biological activities including bacteriostatic and fungistatic ones. In the experiment it prevented the coagulation of peritoneal fluid due to lower functional activity of peritoneal macrophages with their decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species, which are the mediators of proinflammatory cytokines. However, the HE effect on the cytokines’ level is almost unexplored. Methods. There has been carried out a comparative study of the effect of new HE and dexamethasone on the level of interleukin-1α-related substances (IL-1α-RS) and interferon-γ-related substances (IFN-γ-RS) in the two phagocytes’ types (Ph1 and Ph2) derived from the coelomic fluid of the holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix. Results. In Ph2 after 24 hours of incubation the dexamethasones low concentrations (1 and 0.1 mcM) reduced the levels of IL-1α- RS and IFN-γ-RS in inverse concentration dependence, and after 48 hours they raised the level of IFN-γ-RS in direct concentration dependence. 100 mcM of dexamethasone increased the level of IFN-γ-RS in Ph2 in both the incubation periods and in Ph1, on the contrary, after 48 hours, it was significantly inhibited. The holothurians’ extract (0.01-1 mcg / ml) had the effect on the levels of IL-1α-RS and IFN-γ-RS in both types of phagocytes similar to that of dexamethasone and canceled its effects when injected together indicating the competitive relationships of the preparations. Conclusions. Dexamethasone is known to affect the apoptosis level in phagocytes inhibiting the anti-inflammatory cytokines. The resulting data suggest there is a similarity in the influence of glucocorticoid hormones and HE on the cytokine related substances in the holothurians’ phagocytes. The data also denote the evolutionary antiquity of the cytokine-mediated mechanisms of the natural immunity hormonal regulation and support the use of the holothurians’ phagocytes as a model in the study of the vertebrates’ immunity mechanisms, as well as promising research for the opportunities in use of HE in complex anti-inflammatory therapy.

The results of the cytokine profiles study in various biological substrates for children’s allergic diseases presented in solitary domestic and foreign publications being often contradictory that determines importance of this research. Methods. There was the research of the cytokine profile of nasal secretion in 120 children with allergic rhinitis (AR), which in 40 cases combined with bronchial asthma. The control tests rates - 20 healthy peers. The levels of the Interleukins (IL) 4, 8 and 13, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF<0) and interferon gamma (IFNy) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. The predominance of IL-8, increased synthesis of IL-13 and IL-4 in children with AR in the structure of the cytokine profile has been recorded. During activation of allergic immune inflammation the proportion of IL-13, IL-8 and IFNγ was substantially similar. During an exacerbation of the disease the proportion of IL-4 in nasal secretion was significantly higher than in the remission period and in mild clinical course of the disease. The content of IL-8 in nasal secretion during AR exacerbation was significantly higher than in the remission period. In children with isolated AR the IL-8 level was 3.2 times lower than in children with complex lesions of the upper and lower respiratory tract but significantly higher than the control tests rates. During the rhinitis exacerbation a statistically significant increase of IL-4 concentration in nasal secretion has been recorded. The INFγ content was definitely different in the disease periods, a correlation with the activity and severity of allergic inflammation as well as the presence of allergic pathology have been revealed. The following Conclusions. The researches have revealed the information value of the cytokine spectrum monitoring of nasal secretion in children with AR to determine the nature, focus, activity and severity of allergic inflammation as well as the program effectiveness evaluation in pharmacotherapy.

Analysis of activity of the NO synthase (NOS) of the articular cartilage of the knee joint as a result of the intra-articular fractures of the lateral condyle of thibia. Methods. The NADPH-diaphorase analysis of the hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue imbued tissue samples out of the core of lateral condyle of the tibia during operations for osteosynthesis on 15 intra-articular fractures patients. Results. Elicited a statistically significant increment in activity of the NOS of the chondrocytes in the course of the rehabiltation along with a valid decrement in amount of glycosaminoglycans in cartilage matrix. The given changes available subject to the structural integrity of the cartilage or in the early period of presence of an isolated osteochondral fragment after impression fracture. Conclusions. The intra-articular fractures cause an early defect of anabolism of the cartilage related with an increment in activity of the NOS. The optimal period of an operation for osteosynthesis may be within 7-10 days after an injure before degradation of the functional potency of a cartilage.

The affection of the upper respiratory tract (ear, nose, throat - ENT) is the earliest and most frequent secondary diseases of the obstructive lung disease known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic obstructive lung disease or chronic obstructive airway disease. The above-mentioned combination of the diseases significantly reduces the patients' life quality, results in COPD exacerbation making it necessary to reconsider the treatment program. Methods. The examination of 49 smoking patients aged 51-65 having the stable clinical course of COPD from 2 to 3 grades. The control group was formed of 50 nonsmoking healthy volunteers. Studies by means of otomicroscopy, otoendoskopy, audiologic examination and fibro endoscopic evaluation of larynx, stroboscopy. Results. Indicators of aerated blood ventilation in the group under study and C group were within normal limits. COPD led to the most significant changes in the larynx: chronic catarrhal laryngitis (23 cases), chronic hyperplastic laryngitis (6 cases) and Reinke edema (6 cases). Significant dysfunctions of the auditory organs were absent. Conclusions. The damaging effect of tobacco smoke and its components dissolved in saliva stands out against the other reasons of the functional (incl. phonatoric) imparity of larynx in the time of stabilization of COPD. Taking into account the findings we can recommend adding to the Medical Examination Report of COPD patients an otolaryngologist's advice as its medical comment enables to complement the treatment program.

Knowledge of the reproductive process features of Corbicula japonica is necessary not only to understand the formation of the species’ reproductive strategy in the evolution, but also to arrange the fishing efficiently for the purpose to produce biologically active substances. Methods. There was a research of the shellfish clamed in MarchNovember, 2008 in the estuary of Razdolnaya river from the depth of 0.8-1m. The external features and histological changes in the gonads have been reviewed supplemented with morphometry. Results. In the Corbicula japonica’s sexual cycle the following maturity stages for a gonad have been identified according to the season’s specificity: 1) sexual inertia, 2) the beginning of the oocytes’ growth, 3) active gametogenesis, 4) prespawning, 5) spawning, 6) postspawning. The content of individual amino acids in the male gonads was higher than in the female gonads. A tendency to increase the number of amino acids in the gonads was observed in the stages of active gametogenesis and spawning, while a tendency to decrease - in the postspawning stage. Conclusions. At all sexual cycle stages of the Corbicula japonica, like other bivalves, the dominant amino acids are glutamic and aspartic. The results of the chemical composition study showed that the essential nutrients content in the clam’s soft tissues is changeable and depends on the season.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Each year registered more than 1 million of new cases and about 700,000 deaths from this disease. Methods. Analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 1,389 GC patients based on data of the surgical department of the Primorsky Oncological Center for1995-2010. Results. Radical surgery was performed in 856 cases, palliative one -in 259 cases. Trial laparotomy applied in 274 cases. Complications reported within 30 days after the operation in 229 cases, 98 people died. Case monitoring detects the decrement of a number of the postoperative complications and mortality. Conclusions. The problem of the GC therapy does not cease being topical. Most patients admit to a hospital at the neglected stage of illness that worsens the conditions and results of operations, as well as the long-term prognosis. The main ways of reducing postoperative mortality of the GC patients are the reliable anastomoses and prevention of cardiac disorders.

At present a large number of facts available concerning the high efficiency and safety of radonotherapy under the various pathological states. The object of the study is an analysis of the efficacy of the nitrogen-siliceous thermal radon water out of the Tumninsky mineral spring (Khabarovsky region) for after-care of the chronic dermatoses. Methods. Evaluation of a balneotherapeutic efficacy based on case studies of 105 patients with the use of dermatose area and severity index and biochemical indices. Results. Under treatment recorded decrement of a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and SCORoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) as well as a pronounced anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect of water corresponding to the certain biochemical indices. Conclusions. Efficacy of balneotherapy based on native data amounted to 92.24 %, number of clinical recovery cases - 14,3 %, significant clinical improvement - 29.5 % and clinical improvement - 42.9 %.

Object - a histophysiologic description of the multicellular olfactory glands of the olfactory organs of marine fish subject to the different ecology. Methods. Studies of the olfactory organs of marine fish, representatives of group of the ray-finned fish (Scorpaeniformes) by the histological, histochemical and electron microscopical methods. Results. Discovery of the olfactory glands in fishes of Pleurogrammus azonus, Myoxocephalusyaok, Enophrys diceraus, Hemilepidotus gilberti, Hemitripterus villosus, Podothecus veternus and Liparis du-bius. Olfactory glands are also highlighted in the olfactory organs of fish of the herring family (Clupeiformes) Salmonids (Salmoni-formes) and Tetraodontiformes. Conclusions. Morphology, localization and density of glands in the olfactory organs of fish associated with the characteristics of their environment. Morphofunctional organization of these glands is similar to that of the Bowman's glands of amphibians (Amphibia) and can be regarded as an example of convergent tissue evolution.

Insufficient previous study of changes in the lungs due to the industrial chromium intoxication at the early stages of exposure to permissible concentration of chromium. Methods. Histological and electron microscopical examining organs of Wistar's rats after their exposure to the permissible concentration of chromium during a working shift in an electroplating shop for the period from two weeks to three months. Results. Elicited facts of development of the pronounced inflammatory reactions in the bronchi and lungs after two weeks of exposure followed by development of the bronchitis, interstitial alveolitis, pneumosclerosis and emphysema. Conclusions. Even small concentration of chromium causes an injurous effect mediated by a toxic, fibrogenic and sensitizing influence of its compounds on an organism. Dystrophic changes of the bronchial epithelium accompanied with an insufficient activity of macrophages and activation of fibroblasts in the background of the localized or diffuse alveolitis can cause development of the chronic inflammatory processes in the bronchi at the initial stages of the industrial chromium exposure.

Interhemispheric asymmetry is one of the most important individual fundamental properties of the human brain. Methods. Studies of the functional interhemispheric asymmetry of the apparently healthy volunteers aged 20-40 years (100 sinistrals and 100 dextrals) by methods of the electroencephalography (EEG) and cognitive evoked potentials. Results. Description of a complex of indices based on an algorithmic analysis of the EEG and cognitive evoked potentials to be used for diagnosing the functional interhemispheric asymmetry. Conclusions. By some new diagnostic methods elicited the valid sinistral and dextral differences in the form of positive factors of frequency and amplitude asymmetry of μ rhythm for the sinistral and negative ones for the dextral as well as a partial blockade of μ-rhythm in a dominant hemisphere’s sensorimotor cortical projection after feast clenching of a leading hand. At that the latency index and amplitude of the P300 wave occurred to be shfiting to the dominant hemisphere.

The importance of the phenomenon of mineralization of cartilage due to osteoarthritis (OA) proved by an evidence of factors contributing to this process. The object of this study is to determine the clinical and pathogenetic significance of microcrystallisation of the articular cartilage caused by OA. Methods. The study embraced 110 persons operated on coxarthrosis from II to IV grades by (osteoarthritis grading system of) Kellgren and Lawrence and 50 persons undergone hip replacement after a coxal fracture. Methods of X-ray structure analysis used for examining tangential sections of a resected capitular of the femoral bone cartilage. Results. A phenomenon of mineralization of cartilage due to OA amounts 72.7 % of records, in C group - 16 %. The prevalence of microcrystallisation increased in accordance with the progression of radiographic symptoms of disease. Despite women have the greater predisposition to OA, mineralization of cartilage has an even frequency for both sexes. Conclusions. High prevalence of mineralization of articular cartilage due to OA compared with a comparable C group enables to consider the microcrystalline deposition to be an important attendant factor of the pathogenesis of this disease.

As the chromic intoxication accompanied by development of exo- and endotoxicoses the previously investigated is the preventive effect of pectins and ion-exchanging resins on this process. In this paper we evaluate the efficiency of the use of salt of alginic acid as an enterosorbent. Methods. Examined the content of microelements and state of antioxidant and nervous systems of the rats exposed to an environment of the electroplating shop for the period from two weeks to three months after enterosorption with the use of sodium-calcium alginic acid (alginate) and under a proper control. Results. At all stages of the experiment the content of chromium in the liver tissue of the control animals exceeded the norm in 4-10th times while that of the animals that took alginate it only doubled. Contents of iron, zinc and manganese coresponded to the norm while that of the rats not taking enterosorbent was reduced during the experiment. Marked the elevated level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood serum of the rats in the control group. At the final stage of the experiment changes of the «antiperoxide» link of the antioxidant system led to an increment in level of glutathionereductase for rats taking enterosorbent and to a decrement in level of catalase in the bood serum of the rat in the control group. The use of alginate enabled to reduce the neurotoxic effect of chromium resulted in the increased motor activity indices of the animals. Conclusions. Sodium-calcium alginic acid (alginate) has got a high sorption activity with respect to chromium, improves microelement homeostasis, increases levels of iron, zinc and manganese, inhibits lipid peroxidation and increases activity of the antioxidant system.

Though for the time being the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in development of the sclerotic processes associated with the chronic kidney disease results in a considerable attention, the formation of fibrosis in the respiratory system still remains understudied. Methods. The study examines 80 patients having the chronic kidney disease. With the use of radioimmunoassay determined the concentration of aldosterone and angiotensin I in serum, studied biopsies of bronchial mucosa. Results. Detected a significant increase in the concentration of angiotensin I in all grades and of aldosterone from 4 to 5 grades of the chronic kidney disease. Subject to the severity of the illness a variety of changes in bronchi aggravated, i.e. deformation of the microvascular channels, metaplasia and atrophy of the ciliated epithelium and mucosal sclerosis until further formation of the full clinical presentation of the persisting secondary bilateral diffuse endobronchitis. Conclusions. An excessive activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in case of the chronic kidney disease is a priority-driven factor of development of the microhemocirculatory malfunctions. The RAAS has the vasoconstrictive and fiber generating effects in the early grades while its effects associated with the mineralocorticoid aldosterone influence are revealed in the final grades.

Research at systemic and local levels of a variety of clinical features of meningoencephalitis and levels of cytokines of 28 HIV-infected patients having herpes meningoencephalitis. Methods. Verification of DNA of herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the spinal fluid by of polymerase chain reaction. Investigated systemic and local cytokine status with the use of technique of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. In 11 cases the cause of meningoencephalitis was HSV and EBV, in 17 cases - by HSV and CMV. Severity of symptoms on a point scale was higher for the second group of patients that, in addition, registered as well the higher level of pleocytosis. Subject to the level of pleocytosis also detected the severity of the clinic features of affection of the central nervous system. Detected a valid correlation between the level of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in serum and general cerebral symptoms. Detected a valid correlation at local level of the y-interferon level and those symptoms as well. Conclusions. The findings proves that that the pro-inflammatory potential of HIV-infected patients having affection of the central nervous system of the herpes cerebral etiology at local level exceeds the anti-inflammatory potential, and this imbalance plays an important role in the development of immunodeficiency and disease progression.

The object of research is to evaluate the efficacy of the specific immunotherapy of carcinoma of uterine cervix in a combination with the radiation therapy. Methods. The research covers 81 patients having cervical cancer from IIB to III grades. Conducted combined radiotherapy (41 cases) and combined treatment (40 cases): radiation therapy and specific immunotherapy, i.e. the reinfusions of lymphocytes after incubation with homogenates of the tumor tissue in vitro and addition of interleukin-2. Detected indicators of cellular immunity. Results. Significant increment of indicators due to the combined therapy registered exclusively for the absolute content of natural killer cells in IIB grade and for the relative content of killer T cells in III grade of the cancer. Normalization of the level of lymphocyte of all examined phenotypes in blood of the patients having carcinoma of uterine cervix failed to be achieved. Conclusions. Based on the results, the conclusion is that the efficacy of the used methods of stimulation of the antitumour immunity was insufficient and it suggests developing additional ways to activate the cellular mechanisms in vivo.

Constipation is one of the most widespread human diseases. Women amount at least 70-80 % of all patients having constipation, and for the first time the disease develops during pregnancy more than in 50 % of cases while at the age of 18-20 it develops in 20 % of cases. Men often have constipation in their 40-50^th. Submitted to consideration are three unique clinical observations of constipation resulted in solid fecaliths that led to two cases of the surgical judgment.

Analysis of efficiency of the use of latex tissue glue in thoracic surgery. Comparison of the rate and quality of aerostasis after 120 operations on the lungs with the use of latex tissue glue with 186 surgical interventions with suturing. Average time of having an effect of aerostasis for patients of the second group was 32.8±3.9 hours while after application of latex adhesive was 21,2±2,5 hours. Thus, the adhesive sealing technique significantly shortens the wait state before inception of aerostasis after lung surgery.

Searching the new diagnostic methods for respiratory diseases remains one of the most important tasks of modern medicine. Methods. 36 healthy men and 108 men with community-acquired pneumonia at the age of 18 to 80 years have been examined. All inflammatory epicenters were located in the lower lobes, often from the right. Roentgenologically the pneumonia focus has been described as the lung tissue’s infiltration in 100 % of cases. Results. There were developed the spectral criteria for the acoustic diagnosis of a core in patients with pneumonia determined by standardized phonorespirography by quiet breathing airflow. According to the examined sample there was reached the maximum specificity for the healthy group - 80.5 %, the maximum sensitivity for detection of the epicenters - 83.3 %. Consequently, sensitivity of the phonorespirography is much higher than the one of subjective auscultation that presents 45 %. Conclusions. The achieved values of sensitivity and specificity of phonorespirography of quiet breathing allow to recommend this method for inter-roentgen monitoring the focal lesion in the lung in outpatient and inpatient settings.

The surgical department of PRTD has developed a tool for the early detection of acute abdominal distress in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis (RF Patent for invention No. 2475196, 2011). This device allows to perform the gasless laparoscopy in patients with severe respiratory failure. It comprises the advantages of laparoscopy and minimally invasive laparocentesis, helps to reduce the operation time and avoid the negative effect of intense carboxyperitoneum. There have been carried out 17 diagnostic gasless laparoscopies in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis with suspected acute abdominal distress (III-IV degree of interference risk according to ASA classification). In developing the appropriate skills the duration for the gasless laparoscopy has come to 14.6±2.6 min., and in the experimental group (47 people, traditional laparoscopy) - 59.2±12.4 min. Any complications associated with the surgical interference have not been registered. The gasless laparoscopy let to broaden the indications to use videoimage endoscopy for the patients with a high degree of surgical risk.

The wide polymorphism of the Listeria microbes and impermanence of their biochemical and biological characteristics inherent to the freshly isolated cultures of Listeria requires the development of quite new approaches to their typing. Methods. Investigated possibility of the use of the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers limiting the sequences of genes of Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (prs) and Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase (plcA) for a quick identification of bacteria genus Listeria along with a quick differentiation of the pathogenic species of Listeria monocytogenes. Assessment of efficacy of the PCR tested on 117 Listeria cultures isolated from the different foodstaff and organs of the murine rodents. Results. The use of the multiplex PCR enabled to relate 38 of Listeria cultures to genus L. monocytogenes while the rest to genus Listeria spp. that coincided with the results of microbiological typing and testing by means of LISTER System. Conclusions. The proposed multiplex PCR system enables to relatively quickly (within 3 hours) to screen for the Listeria-suspected colonies and to simultaneously identify L. monocytogenes in the samples under research and can be used for nmonitoring Listeria infection during microbiological and biological research.